NCERT Solutions Class 10th English Grammar – Verb Exercises With Answers

Verb – A word that stand for doing or being Something is called verb.
example – Walk, eat, Run, dance, Sleep etc.

Verb sentences

I play foot ball.
He read a book
The sun is shinning brightly.
The dog ran.

1. He ……….. to college everyday. (goes / going)
2. My younger brother ……….. to Mumbai last month. (go/went)
3. ……….. from fever since last night. (has suffered/has been suffering)
4. He. just now. (has arrived / arrived)
5. I ……….. working for two hours. (have been/ am)
6. I ……….. in Patna since 1993. (have lived / lived)
7. The Mughals ……….. the battle of Panipat. (have won/won)
8. Stephenson ……….. the steam engine. (has invented/invented)
9. Mahatma Gandhi ……….. in 1948. (has died / died)
10. She ……….. before her husband came. (had died/died)
11. The train had left before they ……….. the station. (has arrived / arrived)
12. They will play cricket if the principal ……….. them. (allows/allowed)
13. He ……….. a letter yet. (has not written/did not write)
14. When ……….. my work, I shall take a rest. (finished/finish)
15. He told me that she ……….. for seven days. (had been ill/was ill)
16. Bhavna will have reached home before the sun ……….. (will set/sets)
17. Ajit and Rekha ……….. to the cinema last night. (have gone/went)
18. It ……….. for five hours. (has been raining/is raining)
19. My elder daughter ……….. born in 2002. (was/is)
20. I ……….. the Red Fort. (have never seen/never saw)
22. does he ……….. fast? (run/runs)
23. The Earth ……….. round the sun. (moved/moves)
24. She ……….. that film already. (has seen/saw)
25. How did they ……….. to Yajuar? (come/came)
26. Tendulkar generally ……….. very well. (make/makes)
27. But today ……….. very badly. (is playing/plays)
28. The sun ……….. in the east. (rises/rose)
29. I was born in 1972. I first ……….. to college in 1986. (had gone/went)
3o. Ice ……….. at 0°C. (melts/is melting)

Ram is weeping.
The boys laugh.
He was beaten.
He had a car.
She has two sons.
Mohan is ill.

इन वाक्यों में आए शब्द is weeping, laugh, was beaten, had, has और is पर विचार करें। इनमें से प्रथम तीन से कार्य-व्यापार का बोध होता है । had/has से अधिकार / संबंध तथा is से अवस्था का बोध होता है। ऐसे शब्दों को हम Grammar की भाषा में Verbs कहते हैं। वाक्य-निर्माण में इनका विशेष महत्व है ।

Definition : Verb वह शब्द है, जिससे किसी के कार्य-व्यापार, अधिकार, संबंध या अवस्था का बोध होता है।

* A verb is a word which denotes an action, possession, relation or a state of being.
* A verb is a word used to tell or assert something about some person or thing.

Examples : laugh, eat, go, run, play, am, is, are, can, could, shall, will, etc.

कुछ और Sentences लें और उनमें Verb के प्रयोग को देखें

Action:

Relation/Possession:

State of Being:

वाक्यों में प्रयोग के आधार पर Verbs को दो वर्गों में बाँटा गया है
1. Main Verb (प्रधान क्रिया)
2. Helping Verb (सहायक क्रिया)

1. Main Verb : जो क्रिया किसी वाक्य में अकेले या सहायक क्रिया के साथ आती है, वह Main Verb कहलाती है।

• The verbs used alone or together with helping verbs are called main verbs.

इन वाक्यों में मोटे अक्षरों में छपे शब्द Main Verbs हैं.

(a) I am a boy.
(b) I am reading.
(c) I love her.
(d) He will do it.

2. Helping Verb: जो क्रिया tense, voice, mood इत्यादि के निर्माण में प्रधान क्रिया की सहायता करती है, वह Helping Verb कहलाती है।

• A helping verb is one which helps the main verb to form a tense, voice, mood, etc.

इन वाक्यों में मोटे अक्षरों में छपे शब्द Helping Verbs हैं

(a) I am reading.
(b) My brother has come.
(c) He will go.
(d) You should do this.

निम्नलिखित Auxiliary Verbs हैं। इनका प्रयोग Helping Verb के रूप में होता है –

am, is, are, was, were, do, does, did, have, has, had, shall, will, can, could, may, might, must, ought, should, would, need, dare, used to.

इन Auxiliary Verbs में से am, is, are, was, were, have, has, had, do, does, did, need और dare Verbs है जो कभी Main Verb की तरह प्रयुक्त होते हैं तो कभी Helping Verb की तरह, जैसे-

Note 2. यदि किसी वाक्य में दो या दो से अधिक Verbs एक साथ प्रयुक्त हों, तो सबसे अंत में आनेवाला verb Main Verb कहलाएगा और अन्य verbs Helping Verbs कहलाएँगे। जैसे-

Direction : Pick out the verbs in these sentences and say whether they are main verbs or helping verbs-

Examples:

1. He reads.
2. He is reading.
3. He is a student.
4. Are you a doctor?
5. Are you coming today?
6. He can do.
7. You should help me.
8. What could be done?
9. May I come in?
10. He does not know.
11. She had been sleeping.
12. She had been a dancer.
13. She had no money.
14. They must be working there.
15. They must be thieves.
16. I shall have been playing.
17. I shall have been a teacher.
18. I shall have no work.
19. We shall be leaders.
20. They do not do any work.

कर्ता के अतिरिक्त क्रिया का फल जिस शब्द या शब्द-समूह पर पड़ता है, उसे हम उस क्रिया का Object कहते हैं। Object प्रायः क्रिया के तुरंत बाद आता है और यह कोई Noun / Pronoun/Noun Phrase / Noun Clause होता है। Verb के साथ What / Whom लगाकर प्रश्न करने पर जो उत्तर मिलता है वही उस Verb का Object होता है। अगर कोई उत्तर नहीं मिले तो समझें कि अभीष्ट Verb का कोई Object नहीं है। अब इन वाक्यों को ध्यान से देखें –

Note: एक ही Verb के दो विभिन्न Objects हो सकते हैं, जैसे

He gave me money.

स्पष्टतः यहाँ me और money दो objects हैं।

EXERCISE 12

Direction : Pick out the objects of the verbs in these sentences-

Examples:

(a) He is reading a book.
(b) The teacher taught English.
(c) I love my father and mother.
(d) Why did he beat you?
(e) He was singing a song in the room.
(f) Birds sing in the trees.
(g) The teacher taught us English.

ans.

(a) a book
(b) English
(c) my father and mother
(d) you
(e) a song
(f) no subject
(g) us English

1. My mother loves me.
2. I love my mother.
3. Do you know English? one
4. I shall solve the problem.
5. My father bought me a pen.
6. He did the work.
7. Kindly give me the pen.
8. He gave Ram a book.
9. The dog can run fast.
10. Birds fly in the sky.
11. He reads in this school.
12. The children are flying kites.
13. He reads English and Hindi.
14. They play cricket in the field.
15. The boy cut his hand with a knife.
16. I don’t like that naughty boy.
17. I love the students of this school.
18. Bring a glass of water.
19. They are cutting the old trees.
20. They make these types of furniture.

Main Verb को दो भागों में बाँटा गया है-

1. Transitive Verb (सकर्मक क्रिया)
2. Intransitive Verb (अकर्मक क्रिया)

1. Transitive Verb: जिस क्रिया के बाद कर्म (object) का प्रयोग हुआ हो, उस क्रिया को Transitive Verb कहेंगे।

• The verb used with an object is called a transitive verb.

इन वाक्यों को देखें –

1. Ram eats rice.
2. I love you.
3. He has helped my brother.
4. I know this.
5. My brother has read the book.
6. like these beautiful flowers.

इन वाक्यों में rice, you, my brother, this, the book और these beautiful flowers Objects (कर्म) हैं। अतः इनके पहले प्रयुक्त Verbs eats, love, helped, know, read of like Transitive Verbs कहलाएँगे।

2. Intransitive Verb : जिस क्रिया के बाद कर्म (object) का प्रयोग नहीं हुआ हो, उस क्रिया को Intransitive Verb कहेंगे।

• The verb used without an object is called an intransitive verb.

इन वाक्यों को देखें-

1. I eat.
2. I go to school.
3. Ram walks in the field.
4. I sleep.
5. He gets up at five o’clock.
6. He ran fast.

इन वाक्यों में कोई कर्म (object) नहीं है। अंतः प्रयक्त Verbs eat, go, walks, sleep, gets up और ran Intransitive Verbs कहलएँगे।

1. कुछ ऐसे Verbs हैं जिनके बाद Object कभी नहीं आते और वे हमेशा Intransitive Verb के रूप में प्रयुक्त होते हैं। जैसे- go, come, sit, sleep, die, etc.

2. अधिकांश Verbs का प्रयोग दोनों ही प्रकार से हो सकता है। जब इनके बाद object रहता है, तब ये Transitive Verbs कहलाते हैं और जब इनके बाद object नहीं रहता, तब ये Intransitive Verbs कहलाते हैं। बहुत-से लोग यह समझते हैं कि eat, beat, read, इत्यादि क्रियाओं का प्रयोग हमेशा Transitive Verb की तरह होता है। परंतु बात ऐसी नहीं है। जब तक क्रिया के बाद कर्म का प्रयोग नहीं होगा, तब तक उस क्रिया को हम Transitive Verb नहीं कहेंगे। इन वाक्यों को ध्यान से पढ़ें और समझें –

Direction: Pick out the main verbs in these sentences and say whether they are transitive or intransitive-

Examples:

1. I go to school everyday.
2. They are coming soon.
3. He reads the book.
4. He reads.
5. He reads slowly and carefully.
6. He reads in the fifth class.
7. My father teaches me English.
8. My father teaches in the morning.
9. Do you walk in the morning?
10. Birds fly in the air.
11. They are flying kites.
12. We eat three times a day.
13. We eat bread and rice.
14. It cannot eat.
15. Do you know his name?
16. He knows everything.
17. He lives in a village.
18. What is he doing in the field?
19. I request you to help me.
20. Please do not beat these poor beggars