NCERT Solutions Class 10th Maths Chapter – 12 Surface Areas and Volumes Exercise – 12.1

1. 2 cubes each of volume 64 cm³ are joined end to end. Find the surface area of the resulting cuboid.

Solution: The diagram is given as-

Given: The Volume (V) of each cube is = 64 cm³
This implies that a³ = 64 cm³
∴ a = 4 cm
Now, the side of the cube = a = 4 cm
Also, the length and breadth of the resulting cuboid will be 4 cm each. While its height will be 8 cm.
So, the surface area of the cuboid = 2(lb+bh+lh)
= 2(8×4+4×4+4×8) cm²
= 2(32+16+32) cm²
= (2×80) cm² = 160 cm²

2. A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder. The diameter of the hemisphere is 14 cm and the total height of the vessel is 13 cm. Find the inner surface area of the vessel.

Solution: The diagram is as follows:

Now, the given parameters are:
The diameter of the hemisphere = D = 14 cm
The radius of the hemisphere = r = 7 cm
Also, the height of the cylinder = h = (13-7) = 6 cm
And, the radius of the hollow hemisphere = 7 cm
Now, the inner surface area of the vessel = CSA of the cylindrical part + CSA of hemispherical part
(2πrh+2πr²) cm² = 2πr(h+r) cm²
2×(22/7)×7(6+7) cm² = 572 cm²

3. A toy is in the form of a cone of radius 3.5 cm mounted on a hemisphere of same radius. The total height of the toy is 15.5 cm. Find the total surface area of the toy.

Solution: The diagram is as follows-

Given that the radius of the cone and the hemisphere (r) = 3.5 cm or 7/2 cm
The total height of the toy is given as 15.5 cm.
So, the height of the cone (h) = 15.5-3.5 = 12 cm

∴ The curved surface area of cone = πrl
(22/7)×(7/2)×(25/2) = 275/2 cm²
Also, the curved surface area of the hemisphere = 2πr²
2×(22/7)×(7/2)2
= 77 cm²
Now, the Total surface area of the toy = CSA of cone + CSA of hemisphere
= (275/2)+77 cm²
= (275+154)/2 cm²
= 429/2 cm² = 214.5cm²
So, the total surface area (TSA) of the toy is 214.5cm²

4. A cubical block of side 7 cm is surmounted by a hemisphere. What is the greatest diameter the hemisphere can have? Find the surface area of the solid.

Solution: It is given that each side of cube is 7 cm. So, the radius will be 7/2 cm.

We know, The total surface area of solid (TSA) = surface area of cubical block + CSA of hemisphere – Area of base of hemisphere
∴ TSA of solid = 6×(side)²+2πr² – πr²
= 6×(side)²+πr²
= 6×(7)²+(22/7)×(7/2)×(7/2)
= (6×49)+(77/2)
= 294+38.5 = 332.5 cm²
So, the surface area of the solid is 332.5 cm²

5. A hemispherical depression is cut out from one face of a cubical wooden block such that the diameter l of the hemisphere is equal to the edge of the cube. Determine the surface area of the remaining solid.

Solution: The diagram is as follows-

Now, the diameter of hemisphere = Edge of the cube = l
So, the radius of hemisphere = l/2
∴ The total surface area of solid = surface area of cube + CSA of hemisphere – Area of base of hemisphere
TSA of remaining solid = 6 (edge)2+2πr² – πr²
= 6l² + πr²
= 6l²+π(l/2)²
= 6l²+πl²/4
= l²/4(24+π) sq. units

7. A tent is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted by a conical top. If the height and diameter of the cylindrical part are 2.1 m and 4 m respectively, and the slant height of the top is 2.8 m, find the area of the canvas used for making the tent. Also, find the cost of the canvas of the tent at the rate of Rs 500 per m². (Note that the base of the tent will not be covered with canvas.)

Solution: It is known that a tent is a combination of cylinder and a cone.

We know that,
Diameter = 4 m
Slant height of the cone (l) = 2.8 m
Radius of the cone (r) = Radius of cylinder = 4/2 = 2 m
Height of the cylinder (h) = 2.1 m
So, the required surface area of tent = surface area of cone + surface area of cylinder
= πrl+2πrh
= πr(l+2h)
= (22/7)×2(2.8+2×2.1)
= (44/7)(2.8+4.2)
= (44/7)×7 = 44 m²
∴ The cost of the canvas of the tent at the rate of ₹500 per m² will be
= Surface area × cost per m²
44×500 = ₹22000
So, Rs. 22000 will be the total cost of the canvas.

8. From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4 cm, a conical cavity of the same height and same diameter is hollowed out. Find the total surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest cm².

Solution: The diagram for the question is as follows:

From the question we know the following:
The diameter of the cylinder = diameter of conical cavity = 1.4 cm
So, the radius of the cylinder = radius of the conical cavity = 1.4/2 = 0.7
Also, the height of the cylinder = height of the conical cavity = 2.4 cm

Now, the TSA of remaining solid = surface area of conical cavity + TSA of the cylinder
= πrl+(2πrh+πr²)
= πr(l+2h+r)
= (22/7)× 0.7(2.5+4.8+0.7)
= 2.2×8 = 17.6 cm²
So, the total surface area of the remaining solid is 17.6 cm²

9. A wooden article was made by scooping out a hemisphere from each end of a solid cylinder, as shown in figure. If the height of the cylinder is 10 cm, and its base is of radius 3.5 cm, find the total surface area of the article.

Solution: Height of the cylinder = h = 10 cm
Radius of the cylinder = radius of the hemisphere = r = 3.5 cm
TSA of the article = 2 × CSA of the hemispherical part + CSA of the cylindrical part
= 2 × 2πr² + 2πrh
= 2πr (2r + h)
= 2 × 22/7 × 3.5 cm × (2 × 3.5 cm + 10 cm)
= 22 cm × 17 cm
= 374 cm²
Thus, the total surface area of the article is 374 cm².