NCERT Solution Class 6th Social Science Geography Chapter – 6 Major Landforms of the Earth Question & Answer

NCERT Solution Class 6th Geography (Chapter – 6) Question No. 1

1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the major landforms?
Answer – The major landforms are- mountains, plateaus and plains.

(b) What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?
Answer – A mountain may have a small summit and a broad base. But a plateau is flat-topped table standing above the surrounding area.

Example of mountain – The Himalayan mountains.
Example of plateau – The Deccan plateau.

(c) What are the different types of mountains?
Answer – Mountains are of three types –

• Fold mountains
  
• Block mountains
  
• Volcanic mountains

(d) How are mountains useful to man?
Answer – Mountains are useful to man in a variety of ways-

• Mountains are storehouse of water which is the basic need of the human beings. Reservoirs are made and the water is harnessed for the use of people. Water is used for irrigation and generation of hydroelectricity.
  
• Mountains have a rich variety of flora and fauna.
  
• Mountains provide an idyllic site for tourists. They visit the mountains for their scenic beauty.

(e) How are plains formed?
Answer – Plains are generally formed by rivers and their tributaries. The rivers flow down the slopes of mountains and erode them. They carry forward the eroded material. Then they deposit their load consisting of stones, sand and silt along their courses and in their valleys. It is from these deposits that plains are formed.

(f) Why are the river plains thickly populated?
Answer – The river plains are very suitable for human habitation. People get flat land for building houses and for cultivation. The soil of river plains is very fertile. Hence people live here and cultivate land for their living.

(g) Why are mountains thinly populated?
Answer – Life is very difficult in mountain areas because of harsh climate. It is quite difficult to grow crops, build houses or roads in a mountain. Hence, people do not prefer to live here.

NCERT Solution Class 6th Geography (Chapter – 6) Question No. 2

2. Tick the correct answer.

(i) The mountains differ from the hills in terms of

A. Elevation
B. Slope
C. Aspect

Answer – (A) Elevation

(ii) Glaciers are found in

A. The mountains
B. The plains
C.The plateaus

Answer – (A) The mountains

(iii) The Deccan plateau is located in

A. Kenya
B. Australia
C. India

Answer – (C) India

(iv) The river Yangtze flows in

A. South America
B. Australia
C. China

Answer – (C) China

(v) An important mountain range of Europe is

A. the Andes
B. the Alps
C. the Rockies

Answer – (B) the Alps

NCERT Solution Class 6th Geography (Chapter – 6) Question No. 3

3. Fill in the blanks.

1. A ………… is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.
Answer – Plain

2. The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of…………………… types of mountains.
Answer – young fold

3. ………….  areas are rich in mineral deposits.
Answer – Plateau

4. The ………… is a line of mountains.
Answer – Range

5. The ………..  areas are most producting for farming.
Answer – Plain

Choose the correct option to complete the sentences given below:

(i) It is the mountain range of South America.

A. The Himalayas
B. The Alps
C. The Andes
D. The Rockies.

Answer – (c) The Andes

(ii) Mt. Kilimanjaro is in

A. Asia
B. Africa
C. South America
D. North America.

Answer – (B) Africa

(iii) Which one sport is not popular in the mountains?

A. Paragliding
B. Skiing
C. Hang gliding
D. Football.

Answer – (D) Football

(iv) The Hundru falls is in

A. Chhotanagpur
B. Calcutta
C. Ranchi
D. Chhattisgarh.

Answer – (A) Chhotanagpur

(v) The world’s highest plateau is the

A. Deccan plateau
B. Tibet plateau
C. Chhotanagpur plateau
D. East African plateau.

Answer – (B) Tibet plateau

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:

1. Many of the mining areas in the world are located in…………………………..  areas.
Answer – Plateau

2.The climate of mountains is …………………..
Answer – harsh

3.Mountains vary in their ………………..  and shape.
Answer – heights

4.The Ural mountains in ……………..  have rounded features and low elevation.
Answer – Russia

5.Volcanic mountains are formed due to ……………………  activities.
Answer – volcanic

6. The ………….  and terraces are ideal for crop cultivation.
Answer – River basins

7. …………  in the Pacific Ocean is an undersea mountain.
Answer – Mauna Kea (Hawaii)

State whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).

1. A rich variety of flora and fauna is found in the mountains.
Answer – True

2. The Rope Bridge is in Arunachal Pradesh.
Answer – True

3. Plateaus are vast stretches of flat land.
Answer – False

4. Plains are very useful because they are rich in mineral deposits.
Answer – False

5. As we go higher, the climate becomes hotter.
Answer – False

6. Mt. Fujiyama in Japan is an example of volcanic mountains.
Answer – True

7. It is difficult to carry on construction work in plains.
Answer – False.

Answer –

1. What are the major landforms? Write about them in brief?  
Answer – The major landforms are mountains, plateaus and plains.

1. Mountains – They are natural elevation of the earth surface. They are higher than the surrounding area. Some mountains are veiy high. They are even higher than the clouds. Some mountains have permanently frozen rivers of ice known as glaciers. Mountains are generally thinly populated regions because the climate is harsh there. Farming is also not easily possible there. But mountains provide us water. They have a rich variety of flora and fauna.

2. Plateaus – They are usually flat-topped table land and are higher than the surrounding area. Plateaus may be young or old. The Deccan plateau in India is one of the oldest plateaus. Plateaus are very useful for mankind. They have rich deposits of minerals such as diamond, gold, iron, manganese etc. Several water falls can be found in the plateau regions.

3. Plains – They are vast stretches of flat land. They are mostly formed by rivers and their tributaries. Plains are usually fertile lands. Hence, thick population is found there. Construction of transport network is easy. Cultivation is also easy. Plains also provide level land for the construction of houses or buildings. In India, the Indo-Gangetic plains are the regions where one can find great concentration of population.

1. Fold Mountains,
2. Block Mountains and
3. Volcanic Mountains.

1. Fold Mountains – The Himalayan Mountains and the Alps are young fold ‘mountains. They have rugged relief and high conical peaks. The Aravali range is India is one of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world. The Appalachians in the North America and the Ural mountains in Russia are vaiy old fold mountains.

2. Block Mountains – These are created when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. The Uplifted blocks are known as horsts and the lowered blocks are called graben. The Rhine valley and the Vosges mountains in Europe are examples of such mountain systems.
3. Volcanic Mountains – They are formed by volcanic activity. Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt. Fujiyama in Japan are examples of such mountains.