NCERT Solutions Class 6th Maths Chapter – 3 Playing With Numbers Exercise – 3.7

Question 1. Renu purchases two bags of fertiliser of weights 75 kg and 69 kg. Find the maximum value of weight which can measure the weight of the fertiliser exact number of times?

Solution –

Maximum value of weight which can measure the given weight exact number of time = HCF of 75 g and 69 kg.

Prime factorisations of 75 and 69 are

Here, the common factor is 3.
∴ HCF of 75 and 69 = 3.
Hence, the required maximum value of weight = 3 kg.

Question 2. Three boys step off together from the same spot. Their steps measure 63 cm, 70 cm and 77 cm respectively. What is the minimum distance each should cover so that all can cover the distance in complete steps?

Solution –

The minimum distance that each boy should walk must be the least common multiple (LCM) of the measure of their steps.

To find LCM of 63, 70 and 77, we use division method.

∴ LCM of 63, 70 and 77 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 5 x 7 x 11 = 6930
Hence, the required minimum distance = 6930 cm.

Question 3. The length, breadth and height of a room are 825 cm, 675 cm and 450 cm respectively. Find the longest tape which can measure the three dimensions of the room exactly?

Solution –

The longest tape required to measure the three dimensions of the room = HCF of 825, 675 and 450.

Prime factorisations of 825, 675 and 450 are
825 = 3 x 5 x 5 x 11
675 = 3 x 3 x 3 x 5 x 5
450 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 5 x 5

Here, common factors are 3, 5 (two times).
∴ HCF of 825, 675 and 450 = 3 x 5 x 5 = 75
Hence, the required longest tape = 75 cm.

Question 4. Determine the smallest 3-digit number which is exactly divisible by 6, 8 and 12.

Solution –

The smallest 3-digit number = 100
Since LCM of 6, 8 and 12 is divisible by them.

∴ LCM of 6, 8 and 12 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24
Since, all the multiples of 24 will also be divisible by 6, 8 and 12.

So, the smallest multiple of 24 in three digits will be just above
100 = (100 – 4) + 24 = 96 + 24 = 120
Hence, the required number is 120.

Question 5. Determine the greatest 3-digit number exactly divisible by 8, 10 and 12.

Solution –

To find the LCM of 8, 10 and 12, we have

∴ LCM of 8, 10 and 12 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 120
The greatest 3-digit number = 999

∴ Multiple of 120 just below 999 is 960.
Hence, the required number is 960.

Question 6. The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after every 48 seconds, 72 seconds and 108 seconds respectively. If they change simultaneously at 7 a.m., at what time will they change simultaneously again?

Solution –

To find the LCM of 48, 72 and 108, we have

∴ LCM = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 3= 432
So, after 432 seconds, the light will change simultaneously.
Hence, the required time = 432 seconds = 7 minutes 12 seconds past 7a.m.

Question 7. Three tankers contain 403 litres, 434 litres and 465 litres of diesel respectively. Find the maximum capacity of a container that can measure the diesel of the three containers exact number of times.

Solution –

Maximum capacity of the required measure is equal to the HCF of 403, 434 and 465.
Prime factorisations of 403, 434 and 465 are

Common factor = 31.
So, the HCF of 403, 434 and 465 = 31.
Hence, the maximum capacity of the required container = 31 litres.

Question 8. Find the least number which when divided by 6, 15 and 18 leave remainder 5 in each case.

Solution –

To find the LCM of 6, 15 and 18, we have

∴ LCM of 6, 15 and 18 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 5 = 90.
Here, 90 is the least number exactly divisible by 6, 15 and 18.
To get a remainder 5, the least number will be 90 + 5 = 95.
Hence, the required number is 95.

Question 9. Find the smallest 4-digit number which is divisible by 18, 24 and 32.

Solution –

The smallest 4-digit number = 1000.
To find the LCM of 18, 24 and 32, we have

∴ LCM = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 = 288
Since, 288 is the smallest number which is exactly divisible by 18, 24 and 32.
But it is not a 4-digit number.

So, the multiple of 288 just above 1000 is: 1000 – 136 + 288 = 1152.
Hence, the required number is 1152.

Question 10. Find the LCM of the following numbers:

(a) 9 and 4
(b) 12 and 5
(c) 6 and 5
(d) 15 and 4

Observe a common property in the obtained ’ LCMs. Is LCM the product of two numbers in each case?

Solution – 

(a) To find the LCM of 9 and 4, we have

∴ LCM = 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 = 36.
The product 9 and 4 = 9 x 4 = 36.
Hence, the LCM of 9 and 4 = Product of 9 and 4.

(b) To find LCM of 12 and 5, we have

∴ LCM = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 60.
The product of 12 and 5 = 12 x 5 = 60.
Hence, the LCM of 12 and 5 = Product of 12 and 5.

(c) To find the LCM of 6 and 5, we have

∴ LCM = 2 x 3 x 5 = 30.
The product of 6 and 5 = 6 x 5 = 30.
Hence, the LCM of 6 and 5 = Product of 6 and 5.

(d) To find the LCM of 15 and 4, we have

∴ LCM = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 60.
Product of the numbers 15 and 4 = 15 x 4 = 60.
Hence, the LCM of 15 and 4 = Product of 15 and 4.

Question 11. Find the LCM of the following numbers in which one number is the factor of the other.

(a) 5, 20
(b) 6, 18
(c) 12, 48
(d) 9, 45

What do you observe in the results obtained?

Solution – 

(a) To find the LCM of 5 and 20, we have

∴ LCM = 2 x 2 x 5 = 20.
Hence, the LCM of 5 and 20 = 20.

(b) To find the LCM of 6 and 18, we have

∴ LCM = 2 x 3 x 3 = 18.
Hence, the LCM of 6 and 18 = 18.

(c) To find the LCM of 12 and 48, we have

LCM = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 48.
Hence, the LCM of 12 and 48 = 48.

(d) To find the LCM of 9 and 45, we have

∴ LCM = 3 x 3 x 5 = 45.
Hence, the LCM of 9 and 45 = 45.
From the above examples, we observe that the LCM of the two numbers, where one number is a factor of the other, is the greater number.